外语教学与研究

外语教学与研究 ›› 2014, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 401-411.

• 外语教育（教育部哲学社会科学学报名栏） • 上一篇    下一篇

指量词的前置优势及宾语关系从句的产出优势：汉语二语学习者视角

吴芙芸 盛亚南   

  1. 200089 上海市 上海外国语大学语言研究院
  • 出版日期:2014-05-20 发布日期:2014-03-25
  • 基金资助:

    本文得到国家社科基金项目“指量结构在关系从句加工进程中的消歧与结构预期的作用”（13BYY152)和教育部“新世纪优秀人才支持计划”（NCET-12-0907)的资助。

Pre-RC determiner phrase bias and production preference for object relatives: Perspectives from L2-Chinese learners

WU Fuyun, SHENG Ya'nan   

  1. Institute of Linguistic Studies, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai 200083, China
  • Online:2014-05-20 Published:2014-03-25

摘要：

英语关系从句的中心词前置，而汉语关系从句的中心词置尾；英语有冠词系统，而汉语为量词语言，且指量词在关系从句中的位置灵活。这使二语者习得指量词与汉语关系从句共现的结构成为难点。本文以英语为母语的汉语高级水平学习者为研究对象，采用基于字词的在线句子生成实验，考察二语者实时生成汉语关系从句的类型及指量词的位序选择模式。研究发现：1) 指量词与宾语关系从句共现结构的产出率高；2) 无论关系从句类型如何，前置指量词优势明显;3)指量词后置结构中，宾语关系从句的产出率具有明显优势。这些模式不符合名词短语可及性假设，但可从母语迁移和二语者自身认知资源的限制得到解释。

关键词: 句子生成, 指量词, 关系从句, 二语学习者

Abstract:

English relative clauses (RCs) are head-initial, whereas Chinese RCs are head-final. English has article system, whereas Chinese is a numeral-classifier language, and the positioning of a demonstrative-classifier (DCL) phrase is flexible in an RC. All these differences make the co-occurrence of RC and the DCL structure difficult to acquire for a second-language (L2) learner. Using word-based sentence production paradigm, this study examines how advanced L2 learners of Chinese whose native language is English produce Chinese RCs online and how they choose the position of DCL. Results show that the production rate of DCLs with object RCs was higher than that with subject RCs; ii) DCLs tended to occur in pre-RC positions, regardless of RC extraction types; iii) when DCLs occurred in post-RC position, object RCs had the production advantage. These patterns are inconsistent with the Noun Phrase Accessibility Hierarchy hypothesis, but can be explained by L1 transfer and L2 learners’ limited cognitive resources.