外语教学与研究

外语教学与研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (2): 163-176.

• 语言研究 •    下一篇

英汉致使结构的对比分析：基于分布式形态学视角

杨大然   

  1. 杭州师范大学
  • 出版日期:2021-03-20 发布日期:2021-04-22
  • 基金资助:
    本文为国家社科基金项目“生物语言学视阈下汉语宏事件编码的形态句法研究”（20BYY163）的阶段性成果。

A comparative study on English and Mandarin causative constructions: From the perspective of Distributed Morphology

YANG Daran   

  1. School of International Studies, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
  • Online:2021-03-20 Published:2021-04-22

摘要： 本文以分布式形态学为理论视角，基于其中的“单引擎说”和“迟后填音”思想，对英汉语在致使结构上表现出的形态-句法差异提出统一解释。本文认为，英汉语的运算系统中均不存在先于句法的词库内部生成操作，致使性完结类事件在英汉语中具有相同的句法表征，两者表现出的形态-句法差异可归结为两个方面：狭义句法内功能语素“致使”（CAUSE）的特征强弱和句法后语音式（PF）层面功能语素“路径”（PATH）在词项插入上的“外化差异”。本文据此解释了英汉语在单语素动词独立表达致使上的不对称性以及两种语言在动结结构上呈现的分离式与黏合式的形态差异。

关键词: 分布式形态学, 致使结构, 迟后填音, 形态-句法接口

Abstract: This paper conducts a comparative study on the morpho-syntactic differences between English and Mandarin causative constructions based on the ideas of “Single Engine Hypothesis” and “Late Insertion” within Distributed Morphology. We argue that causative accomplishments in English and Mandarin have the same syntactic representation, but the two languages differ in the strength of V-feature of the functional head CAUSE and the insertion frames of the functional head PATH. These differences can account for the paucity of mono-morphemic causative verbs in Mandarin and why the action and change-of-state verbs in Mandarin resultative verb constructions are combined while their English counterparts are separated.

中图分类号: 

  • H043