外语教学与研究

外语教学与研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (1): 54-65.

• 语言研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

再谈“的”的分合及其语义功能

潘海华 陆烁   

  1. 香港中文大学（潘）, 中山大学（陆）
  • 出版日期:2021-01-20 发布日期:2021-01-25

Reconsidering the division of labor among different de functions from the semantic perspective

PAN Haihua1 & LU Shuo2   

  1. 1 Dept. of Linguistics and Modern Languages, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China, 2 Dept. of Chinese, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
  • Online:2021-01-20 Published:2021-01-25

摘要： 从朱德熙（1961，1966 等）提出分化三个“的”的主张以来，关于“的”字结构、“的”的功能等问题就引发了学界持久而深入的讨论。本文从“的”的语义功能入手讨论“的”的分合问题，认为“的”应该分为两个，一是谓词性语义成分（ 类型）的标记（记为“的p”），二是可以引入论元的标记（记为“的a”）。句尾“的”属于前者，同时在谓词性语义标记功能的基础上发生了向语气词功能转化的倾向。本文的分析可以统一解释诸多关于“的”字结构的现象以及“的”的用法，从而取得句法与语义解释的统一。

关键词: “的”字结构, 语义功能, 谓词性语义, 类型标记

Abstract: Since Zhu Dexi’s (1961, 1966) proposal of three de’s in Mandarin Chinese, the de structure and its functions have induced intensive discussions until now. On the basis of the semantic functions of de, this paper revisits the issues concerning the division of labor among the three de’s and argues that de should be divided into the following two: a type predicate marker (labeled as “dep”), and an argument introducer (labeled as “dea”). The sentence-final de is considered to belong to the former since it is on its way to evolving into a modal particle. Our new proposal covers a large array of de-related phenomena and provides a unified account of issues related to de in Mandarin Chinese.

中图分类号: 

  • H136.1